93 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
93 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
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# 一、下载安装
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## 1. docker 方式
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运行镜像
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```shell
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# Linux 、Windows 下命令基本一致，只是目录结构不同，Windows 需要将 -v /usr/local/mysql/log: 等修改为本地磁盘目录，例如:-v D:\mysql\log
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docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \
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-v /usr/local/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
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-v /usr/local/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
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-v /usr/local/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
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--privileged=true \
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-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=y9i-83204585 \
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-d mysql:8.0.33
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```
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命令注释：
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-p 3306:3306 端口映射：前表示主机部分，后表示容器部分。
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--name mysql 指定该容器名称，查看和进行操作都比较方便。
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-v 挂载目录，规则与端口映射相同，目的是将容器内配置文件映射到外部。
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-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 为设置 root 账号的默认密码。
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-d mysql:8.0.33 表示后台启动 mysql:8.0.33。
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## 2. windows 下安装
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1) 前往 [MySQL 官网下载地址](https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/)，下载 **MySQL 8.0.33** windows版本压缩包
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详细安装步骤请参照：[MySQL官方文档](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/installing.html) ,或者中文文档[MySQL安装教程](https://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-install.html)
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## 3. linux 下安装
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1) 前往 [MySQL 官网下载地址](https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/)，找到 **MySQL 8.0.33版本** ，根据当前系统的发行版和版本，选择合适的安装包。
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以 **CentOS** 为例，
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详细安装步骤请参照：[MySQL官方文档](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/installing.html) ,或者中文文档[MySQL安装教程](https://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-install.html)
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# 二、修改配置
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### 1). 修改配置文件
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windows 版本是在根目录下的 my.ini 文件，linux 是在 /etc/my.conf，docker 安装是在自己映射的目录下，本文在 /usr/local/mysql/conf （如果没有，就自己创建）
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```shell
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[client]
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default-character-set=utf8mb4
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[mysql]
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default-character-set=utf8mb4
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[mysqld]
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init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8mb4_bin'
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init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
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character_set_server = utf8mb4
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collation_server = utf8mb4_bin
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```
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### 2. 验证
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查看mysql的字符集命令：show variables where Variable_name like '%char%';
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```shell
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# 重启 MySQL
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systemctl restart mysql
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# 进入MySQL，执行命令
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mysql -u root -p
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mysql> show variables like '%char%';
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+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
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| Variable_name | Value |
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+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
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| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
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| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
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| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
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| character_set_filesystem | binary |
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| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
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| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
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| character_set_system | utf8mb4 |
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| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
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| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
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+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
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```
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显示如上，代表修改完成。
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# 三、常用命令
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## 1. docker
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```shell
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docker start <contain_name> # 启动容器
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docker stop <contain_name> # 停止
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docker restart <contain_name> # 重启
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docker status <contain_name> # 查看日期状态
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docker logs <contain_name> # 查看日志
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docker ps # 查看当前运行容器
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docker ps -a # 查看所有容器
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docker rm <contain_name> # 移除容器
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docker rmi <contain_name> # 移除镜像
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docker exec -it <contain_name> /bin/bash # 进入容器内部
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docker pull <image_name:version> # 拉取镜像
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```
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## 2. linux
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```shell
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systemctl start <service_name> # 启动
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systemctl stop <service_name> # 停止
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systemctl restart <service_name> # 重启
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systemctl status <service_name> # 查看服务状态
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systemctl enable <service_name> # 开机启动
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```
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